Currently, antihypertensive drugs widely used in clinic can be simply divided into four categories.
The first category refers to angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (abbreviated as ACEI) and angiotensin II receptor antagonists (abbreviated as ARB). ACEI commonly used drugs include Enalapril, benazepril, dopril, ramipril, etc. ARB commonly used drugs include losartan, valsartan, irbesartan, etc. Most of these drugs are long-acting preparations, which are convenient to use, stable and reliable to reduce blood pressure, widely used, and have obvious protective effects on heart and kidney. However, it is also found in clinical practice that ACEI drugs can cause continuous Dry Cough of patients, and the use of such drugs should be avoided when renal function is obviously damaged.
The second type of drug is β receptor blocker, commonly used are Betaloc ZOK(Metoprolol Succinate Sustained-release Tablets), Bisoprolol, etc., suitable for young hypertension with heart rate too fast people, should start treatment from a small dose, and can not be stopped suddenly, bronchial asthma, bradycardia and conduction block should be avoided.
The third type of drug is calcium antagonist (abbreviated as CCB). Nifedipine, amlodipine and Felodipine are commonly used. It is currently the most widely used antihypertensive drug with the best antihypertensive effect in China. Adverse reactions include dizziness, headache, facial flushing, ankle edema, etc.
The fourth type of drugs refers to diuretics, the common ones are Indapamide, hydrochlorothiazide, spironolactone, etc. It is generally used for the treatment of mild hypertension or in combination with other drugs. This kind of drugs have adverse reactions that cause the increase of blood sugar and uric acid and ion disorder. Patients with diabetes and gout should use them with caution.
The above four kinds of drugs are often used alone or in combination with other kinds of drugs clinically to reduce blood pressure, protect heart, brain and kidney and avoid adverse drug reactions. What needs to be explained is that the doctor should decide which kind of drug to use and which kind of antihypertensive plan to use. Don't make your own decisions. What the patient needs to do is to observe the effect of medication so as to adjust in time and reach a good state.
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